Category Archives: cyber stalking
Question: Can I sue someone for impersonating someone on the Internet?
I received this question via email from a reader:
Dear Ask a Cyber Lawyer:
My boyfriend is stationed over seas in the Air Force, and we usually use the internet to communicate. It turns out that his ex-wife has been using an old account of his, and pretending to be him. I just found out that while I thought I have been chatting with him, I was really chatting with his ex. This has caused me a lot of emotional anguish. Is there any way I can sue her?
My response is this. With out knowing anything else about the case, it is possible that there could be several causes of action that could be brought against her by both you and your boyfriend.
First, in some jurisdictions it is actually a crime to impersonate someone on the internet. So it might be worth while to involve the police.
Second, there are civil causes of actions you can bring up. One is the tort of Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress, or IIED. Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress occurs when the Defendant intentionally or recklessly commits extreme and outrageous conduct which causes the plaintiff to suffer emotional distress (in some jurisdictions this action must be done in public). If you were induced by this person to commit some sort of act, such as send money, there are fraud actions which may be available as well.
Your boyfriend may also have causes of action available. First, anything she said while impersonating him is likely actionable as defamation. Likewise he may also have an invasion of privacy claim for portraying him in a false light.
My advice is call my firm, or an attorney in your area and make an appointment to discuss the specifics in this matter.
Disclaimer: This blog post contains no actual legal advice. It is difficult to dispense comprehensive legal advice on the internet. If you find the information on this site interesting and insightful, great. But before you rely on any of this advice, please consult a legal professional with the specific details of your case or controversy.
The Twitter Frontier
In the past year or so, Twitter has been an medium for some rather interesting legal fodder. There are two instances in particular that come to mind; the tweeted threats to Scott Walker’s life around the time of the Wisconsin recall election and Spike Lee tweeting the alleged address of George Zimmerman.
In the case of the Scott Walker tweets (which is what I’m going to concentrate on today), an already charged political atmosphere was sent into overdrive when the losers of said election turned into armchair wannabe assassins tweeting such statements as “Scott walker will die within the next week ive already payed for the hit” (original spelling and grammar left intact for your viewing displeasure). There were tons more of these threats (language, racism, and awful grammar warning!) and they came on the heels of more detailed and credible threats to Gov. Walker.
Now, according to Mr. Chow over at blogs.findlaw.com, the law, in general, forbids threatening to injure another person. I think these tweets qualify. They clearly state the various authors’ intent to shoot Gov. Walker in the head, track down his son at school, and even rape his wife. Imagine for a moment that these kinds of threats were written in letters to Gov. Walker’s home or office. They would be poured over for fingerprints and other forensics in order to track these people down. But Twitter has opened up a whole new medium of expression that allows for very little time to self-censor before the words are published for all to see. Twitter also allows for people to create online identities that are not connected to a real world identity (unlike Facebook generally). This recipe allows for big talk and little to no consequences and results in people shooting off at the “mouth” and threatening sports stars, political figures, and even schools. Keeping in mind we live in a world that recently experienced the shooting of Gabby Giffords, threats are taken seriously, especially those made towards politicians.
This all begs the question of how to address such threats. Well Twitter has policies set up on abusive behavior as well as Guidelines for Law Enforcement. When you weed through all of this, however, you see that Twitter will keep all private information about its users…well….private unless compelled by a subpoena or court order (and even then Twitter puts up a fight). This makes the job of tracking down threatening tweeters extremely difficult if not impossible for law enforcement. And even if the Madison police had gotten the locations of all those tweeters, do you think they had the time or manpower to track them down? I imagine some of them were in Wisconsin but I bet quite a few of them weren’t and that raises a whole host of other issues.
So what we have on our hands is essentially the wild west but this time you’re lobbing pot shots into the O.K. Corral from the comfort of your mom’s basement. It seems that only in the most extreme of cases are people arrested for harrassing behavior and even then it is unclear if speech on Twitter is like picking up a phone and calling someone or more akin to standing on a street corner speaking your mind to whoever will listen. (not my analogy)
To my knowledge, no one was ever caught or even contacted regarding the Walker threats via Twitter so it would appear the law is lagging behind the world of technology (again) but I’m very interested to see how these kinds of threats are treated five or ten years down the road. My guess is that Twitter will be forced to be a little bit more accommodating to law enforcement but I hope it doesn’t take a case of violence that was previewed on Twitter first to change things.
Missouri Supreme Court strikes down part of Cyber-bullying law
In general I am opposed to setting aside separate laws for “cyber-bullying”. Bullying is bullying, and while it is easier to do it anonymously online, it should be treated the same as if it were through any other medium, such as random phone calls, and anonymous letters. The problem is, they are usually extremely broad and vague, such as the Tennessee version I have blogged about in the past.
This is exactly what happened here. The law was partially struck down because portions were “void for vagueness”, and therefor violated due process clause the 14th amendment of the United States Constitution. The Missouri cyber-bullying law came about from a bizarre case five years ago when a teenager committed suicide after being humiliated by a classmate’s mother who was posing as a teenage boy she developed a relationship with.
This case dealt with criminal charges against defendant Danny Vaughn, who was charged with criminal burglary and harassment in 2010. According to the Washington Post, Vaughn entered into the residence of his former wife, and repeatedly made unwanted and harassing phone calls to her, which triggered the cyber-bullying portion of the statute.
Under the applicable portion of the statute(Section 565.090.1, RSMo Supp. 2008) harassment occurs when an individual.
(5) Knowingly makes repeated unwanted communication to another person; or
(6) Without good cause engages in any other act with the purpose to frighten, intimidate, or cause emotional distress to another person, cause such person to be frightened, intimidated, or emotionally distressed, and such person’s response to the act is one of a person of average sensibilities considering the age of such person.
The court ruled that both these portions are unconstitutional because they can be used to criminalize constitutionally protected free speech, specifically with the terms, “frighten”, and “intimidate”. They also opined that “Knowingly makes repeated unwanted communications” was both to broad, and could also be used to criminalize protected speech, especially political speech.
In my opinion though, even in its reduced form, the law could still have been used to prosecute that mother who harassed the teenage girl into committing suicide, so its original purpose remains intact. I do agree with the court that the constitutionally vague portions of the law must be addressed in the legislature.
QUESTION: Is having a fake facebook page cyberstalking?
A Reader via email asks:
My daughter has had a “fake” Facebook page the past few years – not her real name, to stay anonymous but interact with people who like the same music she did. The fans are more than a little strange and she was only 19 at the time. She interacted with a young man on facebook and email approx 5 months who wanted a relationship with her, without ever divulging her real name/address/phone. She decided against it and ended contact with him a few weeks ago. Now he’s claiming my daughter was stalking him, impersonating someone she wasn’t and that he’s going to sue her for “anything my lawyers can think of.” I’m wondering what she might have done that could be considered illegal. I’m seriously concerned if this guy can actually hunt her down to our actual address with this threat of legal action.
Ok, here is the deal in plain terms. With the limited information I have, the only trouble your daughter probably caused was a violation of facebook’s terms of service. Facebook requires that users must be real persons and do not allow for any sort of pseudo-persons as users of their site.
The only way she could have stirred up some legal troubles is if she impersonated a real person, particularly a celebrity. This would possibly fall under the tort of invasion of privacy- appropriating a false identity. It doesn’t seem to be the case here.
As far as cyberstalking is concerned, the definition differs from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, but in general it is the unwanted and repeated intrusion into another person’s real-life vis-a-vis the internet. It does not look like she has done this, however, her accuser may be liable for cyberstalking himself. False victimization, or wrongly accusing others of cyberstalking is a form of cyberstalking in and of itself. Contacting her through the internet after she has made it clear that she does not want to be contacted is another, more obvious form of cyberstalking. If I were in your daughter’s situation I would make sure that he has no way of accessing her personal information.
Disclaimer: It is difficult to dispense comprehensive legal advice on the internet. If you find the information on this site interesting and insightful, great. But before you rely on any of this advice, please consult a legal professional with the specific details of your case or controversy.
James Skyles
